Employees: Tomb builders
Management: Pharaoh Ramses III and his administrators
Demands: Delivery of overdue payments of food, ointment, and clothing
Direct Action: Suspend work for several days
Outcome: Builders receive remuneration when supplies arrive
Employees: Plebs (farmers, soldiers)
Management: Patricians
Demands: Representation in government, lower interest rates for debt
Direct Action: Withdraw to Sacred Mountain; leave Rome defenseless; elect own tribunes
Outcome: Patricians recognize tribunes of the plebs who have power to veto
Employees: Artisans, tenant farmers, peasants
Management: Nobility
Demands: Abolition of serfdom and poll tax, cheaper land
Direct Action: Seize Tower of London; behead chancellor and treasurer; negotiate with King Richard II
Outcome: King agrees to concessions but reneges after rebellion ends with murder of its leaders; no further poll taxes levied
Employees: Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers at Carnegie Steel
Management: Andrew Carnegie, Henry Clay Frick
Demands: Reversal of proposed wage decrease for 325 workers
Direct Action: Fight 300 Pinkerton guards; defend against 8,500 state militiamen
Outcome: Strike breaks down; income of skilled workers at mill shrinks by one-fifth from 1892 to 1907
Employees: Students, workers
Management: Charles de Gaulle, French government
Demands: Freedom of speech and movement, end Vietnam War and Western capitalism
Direct Action: Organize strike of two-thirds of workforce (around 10 million); occupy the Sorbonne
Outcome: Minimum-wage increase; loss of 61 general-assembly seats held by leftists and 39 held by communists; Charles de Gaulle resigns the following year
Employees: Members of the Writers Guild of America
Management: Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers
Demands: More residuals on shows and films shown on the internet or sold on DVDs, fair wages for writers of reality television
Direct Action: Union-wide strike of around 12,000 members; organization of picket lines in Los Angeles; force cancellation of Golden Globe Awards ceremony
Outcome: Writers receive percentage of distribution revenues rather than flat fee
