Niccolò Mauruzi da Tolentino at the Battle of San Romano , by Paolo Uccello, c. 1435–1460. National Gallery, London.

Niccolò Mauruzi da Tolentino at the Battle of San Romano, by Paolo Uccello, c. 1435–1460. National Gallery, London.

States of War

Volume 1, Number 1 | winter 2008

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Preamble

The Gulf of Time

By Lewis H. Lapham

An introduction to Lapham’s Quarterly.

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Leonidas at Thermopylae, by Jacques-Louis David, 1814.

The Persian Way of War

By Tom Holland

Unlike the Greeks, Xerxes viewed war as more than a simple matter of strategy. Rather, it was a means of flaunting global mastery.

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Map

Fringe Benefits

Inventions, countries, and styles that came out of war.

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1865 | Washington

“With Malice Toward None”

Lincoln’s second inaugural address.More

1917 | Washington, DC

A World Made Safe

Woodrow Wilson champions democracy. More

1945 | Japan

Fair Warning

To the Japanese people.More

Charts & Graphs

Killer Tunes

The BBC thought twice about playing these songs during the Persian Gulf War.

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American novelist John Dos Passos.

German-born American historian Fritz Stern.

I am tired and sick of war. Its glory is all moonshine. War is hell.

—William Tecumseh Sherman, 1879

Emperor of India Ashoka.

Former prime minister of Japan Murayama Tomiichi.

Ashoka & Murayama Tomiichi

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