A young worker at the C & NW RR 40th Street shops, Chicago, Ill, photograph by Jack Delano, 1942. Library of Congress.

A young worker at the C & NW RR 40th Street shops, Chicago, Illinois, 1942. Photograph by Jack Delano. Library of Congress.

Lines of Work

Volume IV, Number 2 | spring 2011

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Women become skilled shop technicians after careful training in the school at the Douglas Aircraft Company plant, Long Beach, CA, photograph by Alfred T. Palmer, 1942. Library of Congress.

Preamble

The Servant Problem

By Lewis H. Lapham

It is man’s nature to be doing something, or at least to fancy that he’s doing something, but to what purpose?

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Tools of the Trade

By Peter Stothard

Slavery was the energy industry of the ancients—no part of the empire was untouched by its effects.

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Map

Cornering the Market

The countries that rule the industries.

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1844 | Paris

What Is Human Becomes Animal

Marx’s theory of alienation.More

c. 321 BC | India

Instruction Manual

Mastering the techniques of ancient Indian surgery.More

1839 | Stonegappe

Hands Full

Charlotte Brontë overworked and overwhelmed.More

Charts & Graphs

Job Security

Industry changes expected over the next decade.

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English cook and author Isabella Mary Beeton.

Seated man with a large white beard wearing a dark suit

Portrait bust of Roman poet Virgil.

Portrait bust of presumed author of the Iliad and the Odyssey Homer.

English author Robert Southey.

A human being must have occupation, if he or she is not to become a nuisance to the world.

—Dorothy L. Sayers, 1947

Portrait of Philip Dormer Stanhope wearing a blue sash.

Missing contributor image silhouette

Philip Dormer Stanhope & Louis C.K.

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